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without deception

  • 1 Fraus

    1.
    fraus, fraudis ( gen. plur. fraudium, Cic. Off. 3, 18, 75; id. Pis. 19, 44; Dig. 9, 2, 23, § 4 al.:

    fraudum,

    Tac. A. 6, 21; Gell. 14, 2, 6; Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 214; archaic form dat. sing. frudi, Lucr. 6, 187 Lachm.; cf. acc. frudem, id. 2, 187; acc. to Cod. Quadrat.; nom. plur. frudes, Naev. B. Pun. 1, 1), f. [perh. root dhru-, bend, injure; Sanscr. dhru-ti, deception; cf. Gr. titrôskô, wound, thrauô, break, and Lat. frustum, frustra, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 150; Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 222], a cheating, deceit, imposition, fraud (class. in sing. and plur.; syn.: dolus, fallacia, calliditas, etc.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    cum duobus modis, id est aut vi aut fraude fiat injuria, fraus quasi vulpeculae, vis leonis videtur: utrumque homini alienissimum, sed fraus odio digna majore,

    Cic. Off. 1, 13 fin.:

    nonne ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem summum ex fraude, fallaciis, mendaciis constare totus videtur?

    id. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:

    fraus fidem in parvis sibi praestruit, ut, cum operae pretium sit, cum mercede magna fallat,

    Liv. 28, 42:

    hostes sine fide tempus atque occasionem fraudis ac doli quaerunt,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 14, 1:

    fraude ac dolo aggressus est (urbem),

    Liv. 1, 53, 4:

    per summam fraudem et malitiam,

    Cic. Quint. 18, 56:

    in fraudem obsequio impelli,

    id. Lael. 24, 89:

    metuo in commune, ne quam fraudem frausus siet,

    Plaut. As. 2, 2, 20:

    fraudis, sceleris, parricidii, perjurii plenus,

    id. Rud. 3, 2, 37:

    Litavici fraude perspecta,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 40, 6:

    legi fraudem facere,

    i. e. to circumvent, evade, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 9; cf.: contra legem facit, qui id facit, quod lex prohibet;

    in fraudem vero legis, qui salvis verbis legis sententiam ejus circumvenit. Fraus enim legi fit, ubi, quod fieri noluit, fieri autem non vetuit, id fit, etc.,

    Dig. 1, 3, 29 and 30:

    quod emancipando filium fraudem legi fecisset,

    Liv. 7, 16 fin.:

    facio fraudem senatusconsulto,

    Cic. Att. 4, 12:

    inventum deverticulum est in fraude earum (legum), gallinaceos quoque pascendi,

    Plin. 10, 50, 71, § 140:

    si quid in fraudem creditorum factum sit,

    Dig. 42, 8, 6, § 8 al.:

    sese dedere sine fraude constituunt,

    without deception, honorably, Caes. B. C. 2, 22, 1:

    sine fraude Punicum emittere praesidium,

    Liv. 24, 47, 8 (in another sense under II. C. 2.):

    audax Iapeti genus (Prometheus) Ignem fraude malā gentibus intulit,

    Hor. C. 1, 3, 28:

    aliter enim ad sororis filios quam concordiae fraude pervenire non poterat,

    by the deceitful pretence of unanimity, Just. 24, 2:

    bestiae cibum ad fraudem suam positum aspernuntur,

    Liv. 41, 23.—In plur.:

    exagitabantur omnes ejus fraudes atque fallaciae,

    deceptions, Cic. Clu. 36, 101:

    qui fons est fraudium, maleficiorum, scelerum omnium,

    id. Off. 3, 18, 75:

    noctem peccatis et fraudibus objice nubem,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 62:

    (Europe) scatentem Beluis pontum mediasque fraudes Palluit audax,

    id. C. 3, 27, 28.
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Concr., of persons as a term of reproach, a cheater, deceiver, a cheat (ante-class and rare):

    fur, fugitive, fraus populi, Fraudulente,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 131:

    gerro, iners, fraus, heluo, ganeo,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 10.—
    B.
    In gen., a bad action, offence, crime (class.):

    otio aptus in fraudem incidi,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 32 Brix ad loc.:

    est enim periculum, ne aut neglectis iis (rebus divinis) impia fraude, aut susceptis anili superstitione obligemur,

    Cic. Div. 1, 4 fin.:

    si C. Rabirius fraudem capitalem admisit, quod arma contra L. Saturninum tulit,

    id. Rab. Perd. 9, 26:

    scelus frausque,

    id. de Or. 1, 46, 202:

    suscepta fraus,

    id. Pis. 18 fin.:

    nocituram postmodo te natis fraudem committere,

    Hor. C. 1, 28, 31.—In plur.:

    re publica violanda fraudes inexpiabiles concipere,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 30, 72.—
    C.
    In pass. signif., a being deceived, selfdeception, delusion, error, mistake (class.):

    is me in hanc illexit fraudem,

    Plaut. Mil. 5, 42:

    imperitos in fraudem illicis,

    Ter. And. 5, 4, 8 Ruhnk.; cf.: oculi, supercilia, frons, vultus denique totus... hic in fraudem homines impulit;

    hic eos, quibus erat ignotus, decepit, fefellit, induxit,

    Cic. Pis. 1, 1:

    nos in fraudem induimus frustraminis ipsi,

    Lucr. 4, 417:

    quemquam pellicere in fraudem,

    id. 5, 1005:

    jacere in fraudem,

    id. 4, 1206: in fraudem deducere, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 4:

    in fraudem incidere,

    Cic. Att. 11, 16, 1; cf.:

    in fraudem in re publica delabi,

    id. de Or. 3, 60, 226:

    ne tibi dent in eo flammarum corpora fraudem,

    Lucr. 2, 187:

    ne tibi sit frudi, quod nos inferne videmus, etc.,

    id. 6, 187:

    quem (Euryalum) jam manus omnis Fraude loci et noctis... oppressum rapit,

    deception as to, ignorance of, Verg. A. 9, 397.—
    2.
    Injury, detriment, damage.
    (α).
    Prop., produced by deception or ignorance: aliud fraus est, aliud poena;

    fraus enim sine poena esse potest, poena sine fraude esse non potest. Poena est noxae vindicta, fraus et ipsa noxa dicitur et quasi poenae quaedam praeparatio,

    Dig. 50, 16, 131.—
    (β).
    Injury, hurt, harm, in gen. (in the best prose confined to the phrases, sine fraude and fraudi esse; v. infra):

    tuis nunc cruribus scapulisque fraudem capitalem hinc creas,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 23:

    id mihi fraudem tulit,

    Cic. Att. 7, 26, 2:

    esse alicui fraudi aut crimini,

    to tend to his injury, id. Mur. 35, 73; cf.:

    quae res nemini umquam fraudi fuit,

    id. Clu. 33, 91; id. Att. 5, 21, 12; id. Phil. 5, 12, 34; 8, 11, 33; id. Rosc. Am. 17, 49:

    latum ad populum est, ne C. Servilio fraudi esset, quod, etc.,

    Liv. 30, 19, 9 al.: sine fraude, or archaic SE (SED) FRAVDE, without injury, without damage, without risk (= sine damno, sine noxa): SI PLVS MINVSVE SECVERVNT SE FRAVDE ESTO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 49;

    v. sine: rex respondit: QVOD SINE FRAVDE MEA POPVLIQVE ROMANI QVIRITIVM FIAT, FACIO,

    Liv. 1, 24, 5:

    ceterae multitudini diem statuit, ante quam sine fraude liceret ab armis discedere,

    Sall. C. 36, 2; cf. Liv. 26, 12, 5; Hor. C. 2, 19, 20; id. C. S. 41:

    quis deus in fraudem, quae dura potentia nostra Egit?

    Verg. A. 10, 72:

    jam nosces, ventosa ferat cui gloria fraudem,

    id. ib. 11, 708.
    2.
    Fraus, personified, a deity, Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44. In the service of Mercury, as the god of thieves, Mart. Cap. 1, § 51.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Fraus

  • 2 fraus

    1.
    fraus, fraudis ( gen. plur. fraudium, Cic. Off. 3, 18, 75; id. Pis. 19, 44; Dig. 9, 2, 23, § 4 al.:

    fraudum,

    Tac. A. 6, 21; Gell. 14, 2, 6; Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 214; archaic form dat. sing. frudi, Lucr. 6, 187 Lachm.; cf. acc. frudem, id. 2, 187; acc. to Cod. Quadrat.; nom. plur. frudes, Naev. B. Pun. 1, 1), f. [perh. root dhru-, bend, injure; Sanscr. dhru-ti, deception; cf. Gr. titrôskô, wound, thrauô, break, and Lat. frustum, frustra, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 150; Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 222], a cheating, deceit, imposition, fraud (class. in sing. and plur.; syn.: dolus, fallacia, calliditas, etc.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    cum duobus modis, id est aut vi aut fraude fiat injuria, fraus quasi vulpeculae, vis leonis videtur: utrumque homini alienissimum, sed fraus odio digna majore,

    Cic. Off. 1, 13 fin.:

    nonne ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem summum ex fraude, fallaciis, mendaciis constare totus videtur?

    id. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:

    fraus fidem in parvis sibi praestruit, ut, cum operae pretium sit, cum mercede magna fallat,

    Liv. 28, 42:

    hostes sine fide tempus atque occasionem fraudis ac doli quaerunt,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 14, 1:

    fraude ac dolo aggressus est (urbem),

    Liv. 1, 53, 4:

    per summam fraudem et malitiam,

    Cic. Quint. 18, 56:

    in fraudem obsequio impelli,

    id. Lael. 24, 89:

    metuo in commune, ne quam fraudem frausus siet,

    Plaut. As. 2, 2, 20:

    fraudis, sceleris, parricidii, perjurii plenus,

    id. Rud. 3, 2, 37:

    Litavici fraude perspecta,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 40, 6:

    legi fraudem facere,

    i. e. to circumvent, evade, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 9; cf.: contra legem facit, qui id facit, quod lex prohibet;

    in fraudem vero legis, qui salvis verbis legis sententiam ejus circumvenit. Fraus enim legi fit, ubi, quod fieri noluit, fieri autem non vetuit, id fit, etc.,

    Dig. 1, 3, 29 and 30:

    quod emancipando filium fraudem legi fecisset,

    Liv. 7, 16 fin.:

    facio fraudem senatusconsulto,

    Cic. Att. 4, 12:

    inventum deverticulum est in fraude earum (legum), gallinaceos quoque pascendi,

    Plin. 10, 50, 71, § 140:

    si quid in fraudem creditorum factum sit,

    Dig. 42, 8, 6, § 8 al.:

    sese dedere sine fraude constituunt,

    without deception, honorably, Caes. B. C. 2, 22, 1:

    sine fraude Punicum emittere praesidium,

    Liv. 24, 47, 8 (in another sense under II. C. 2.):

    audax Iapeti genus (Prometheus) Ignem fraude malā gentibus intulit,

    Hor. C. 1, 3, 28:

    aliter enim ad sororis filios quam concordiae fraude pervenire non poterat,

    by the deceitful pretence of unanimity, Just. 24, 2:

    bestiae cibum ad fraudem suam positum aspernuntur,

    Liv. 41, 23.—In plur.:

    exagitabantur omnes ejus fraudes atque fallaciae,

    deceptions, Cic. Clu. 36, 101:

    qui fons est fraudium, maleficiorum, scelerum omnium,

    id. Off. 3, 18, 75:

    noctem peccatis et fraudibus objice nubem,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 62:

    (Europe) scatentem Beluis pontum mediasque fraudes Palluit audax,

    id. C. 3, 27, 28.
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Concr., of persons as a term of reproach, a cheater, deceiver, a cheat (ante-class and rare):

    fur, fugitive, fraus populi, Fraudulente,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 131:

    gerro, iners, fraus, heluo, ganeo,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 10.—
    B.
    In gen., a bad action, offence, crime (class.):

    otio aptus in fraudem incidi,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 32 Brix ad loc.:

    est enim periculum, ne aut neglectis iis (rebus divinis) impia fraude, aut susceptis anili superstitione obligemur,

    Cic. Div. 1, 4 fin.:

    si C. Rabirius fraudem capitalem admisit, quod arma contra L. Saturninum tulit,

    id. Rab. Perd. 9, 26:

    scelus frausque,

    id. de Or. 1, 46, 202:

    suscepta fraus,

    id. Pis. 18 fin.:

    nocituram postmodo te natis fraudem committere,

    Hor. C. 1, 28, 31.—In plur.:

    re publica violanda fraudes inexpiabiles concipere,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 30, 72.—
    C.
    In pass. signif., a being deceived, selfdeception, delusion, error, mistake (class.):

    is me in hanc illexit fraudem,

    Plaut. Mil. 5, 42:

    imperitos in fraudem illicis,

    Ter. And. 5, 4, 8 Ruhnk.; cf.: oculi, supercilia, frons, vultus denique totus... hic in fraudem homines impulit;

    hic eos, quibus erat ignotus, decepit, fefellit, induxit,

    Cic. Pis. 1, 1:

    nos in fraudem induimus frustraminis ipsi,

    Lucr. 4, 417:

    quemquam pellicere in fraudem,

    id. 5, 1005:

    jacere in fraudem,

    id. 4, 1206: in fraudem deducere, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 4:

    in fraudem incidere,

    Cic. Att. 11, 16, 1; cf.:

    in fraudem in re publica delabi,

    id. de Or. 3, 60, 226:

    ne tibi dent in eo flammarum corpora fraudem,

    Lucr. 2, 187:

    ne tibi sit frudi, quod nos inferne videmus, etc.,

    id. 6, 187:

    quem (Euryalum) jam manus omnis Fraude loci et noctis... oppressum rapit,

    deception as to, ignorance of, Verg. A. 9, 397.—
    2.
    Injury, detriment, damage.
    (α).
    Prop., produced by deception or ignorance: aliud fraus est, aliud poena;

    fraus enim sine poena esse potest, poena sine fraude esse non potest. Poena est noxae vindicta, fraus et ipsa noxa dicitur et quasi poenae quaedam praeparatio,

    Dig. 50, 16, 131.—
    (β).
    Injury, hurt, harm, in gen. (in the best prose confined to the phrases, sine fraude and fraudi esse; v. infra):

    tuis nunc cruribus scapulisque fraudem capitalem hinc creas,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 23:

    id mihi fraudem tulit,

    Cic. Att. 7, 26, 2:

    esse alicui fraudi aut crimini,

    to tend to his injury, id. Mur. 35, 73; cf.:

    quae res nemini umquam fraudi fuit,

    id. Clu. 33, 91; id. Att. 5, 21, 12; id. Phil. 5, 12, 34; 8, 11, 33; id. Rosc. Am. 17, 49:

    latum ad populum est, ne C. Servilio fraudi esset, quod, etc.,

    Liv. 30, 19, 9 al.: sine fraude, or archaic SE (SED) FRAVDE, without injury, without damage, without risk (= sine damno, sine noxa): SI PLVS MINVSVE SECVERVNT SE FRAVDE ESTO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 49;

    v. sine: rex respondit: QVOD SINE FRAVDE MEA POPVLIQVE ROMANI QVIRITIVM FIAT, FACIO,

    Liv. 1, 24, 5:

    ceterae multitudini diem statuit, ante quam sine fraude liceret ab armis discedere,

    Sall. C. 36, 2; cf. Liv. 26, 12, 5; Hor. C. 2, 19, 20; id. C. S. 41:

    quis deus in fraudem, quae dura potentia nostra Egit?

    Verg. A. 10, 72:

    jam nosces, ventosa ferat cui gloria fraudem,

    id. ib. 11, 708.
    2.
    Fraus, personified, a deity, Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44. In the service of Mercury, as the god of thieves, Mart. Cap. 1, § 51.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > fraus

  • 3 frustra

    frustrā ( - tră, Prud. steph. 1, 13), adv. [orig. acc. plur. neutr., afterwards abl. sing. fem. of frusterus, for frud-; v. fraus; hence].
    I.
    In deception, in error (so mostly anteclass. and in historians;

    not in Cic. and Caes.): ambo, et servus et era, frustra sunt duo, Qui me Amphitruonem rentur esse: errant probe,

    are deceived, in error, Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 19; cf. id. Bacch. 4, 7, 42:

    nunc, mulier, nei frustra sies, mea non es: ne arbitrere,

    id. Merc. 3, 1, 30:

    quo mihi acrius annitendum est, ut neque vos capiamini, et illi frustra sint,

    Sall. J. 85, 6:

    frustra esse,

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 74: hilarus est;

    frustrast homo,

    id. Most. 3, 1, 40 Lorenz:

    ne frustra sis,

    id. Men. 4, 3, 18 sq.; id. Mil. 5, 29 al.; cf. in the foll. II. A.—With animi:

    erras, Aemiliane, et longe hujus animi frustra es,

    App. Mag. p. 286.—Frustra habere aliquem, to deceive, cheat one (= eludere):

    Corbulo quaesito diu proelio frustra habitus,

    Tac. A. 13, 37; 51:

    si Persae frustra habitae redissent ad sua,

    Amm. 18, 6, 6: servom ac dominum, Plaut. Am. argument. 5.— [p. 786]
    II.
    Transf., according as particular respect is had to the effect, the aim, or the reason of an action, without effect, to no purpose, without cause, uselessly, in vain, for nothing (freq. and class.; the predom. signif. in prose and poetry; cf.: in cassum, nequiquam).
    A.
    Without effect, in vain:

    alii parasiti frustra obambulabant in foro, i. e. they got no dinner,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 31:

    praesagibat mihi animus, frustra me ire, quom exibam domo,

    id. Aul. 2, 2, 1: nemo dabit;

    frustra egomet mecum has rationes puto,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 53:

    frustra operam opinor sumo,

    id. Heaut. 4, 3, 15:

    neque ipse auxilium suum saepe a viris bonis frustra implorari patietur,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144:

    haec si verbis explicare conemur, frustra suscipiatur labor,

    id. Univ. 10:

    fortissima frustra pectora,

    Verg. A. 1, 348; 5, 389:

    multum frustraque rogatus,

    Luc. 4, 735:

    peritura frustra agmina,

    id. 7, 736; Ov. M. 8, 140:

    frustra telum mittere,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 4, 2; cf. id. ib. 3, 25, 1:

    frustra tantum laborem sumere,

    id. ib. 3, 14, 1:

    cujus neque consilium neque inceptum ullum frustra erat,

    Sall. J. 7, 6 Kritz.; ib. 14, 11 Dietsch; 61, 1; 71, 5; 73 fin. al.; cf.:

    ita frustra id inceptum Volscis fuit,

    Liv. 2, 25, 2:

    neque frustrabor ultra cives meos, neque ipse frustra dictator ero,

    id. 2, 31, 10; Quint. 10, 1, 2:

    frustra cruento Marte carebimus, frustra metuemus Austrum: Visendus ater Cocytus, etc.,

    Hor. C. 2, 14, 13 and 15:

    nam frustra vitium vitaveris illud, si te alio pravum detorseris,

    id. S. 2, 2, 54:

    tam frustra (expressere) quam recusaverat (= aeque frustra fuit et sine eventu),

    likewise without effect, Tac. H. 2, 90 fin. (see the passage in conn.).—With nequiquam, Cat. 77, 1; App. M. 8, p. 208, 40.—With sic: ego astabo hic tantisper cum hac forma et factis sic frustra; cf. Gr. houtôs allôs, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 30.—In a pun with frustra esse (v. supra, I.) and frustrari: qui lepide postulat alterum frustrari, quom frustra'st, frustra illum dicit frustra esse. Nam qui se frustrari quem frustra sentit, Qui frustratur, frustra'st, si ille non est frustra, Enn. ap. Gell. 18, 2, 7 (Sat. 33, p. 158 sq. Vahl.).—
    2.
    Ellipt.:

    equites et auxiliarios pedites in omnes partes mittit... Nec frustra. Nam, etc.,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 5, 3; so,

    frustra: nam, etc.,

    Hor. C. 3, 7, 21; Flor. 4, 11, 9.—
    B.
    Without reason or cause, groundlessly:

    frustra ac sine causa quid facere indignum deo est,

    Cic. Div. 2, 60, 125:

    frustra tempus contero,

    id. Rosc. Com. 14, 41:

    quae disputatio ne frustra haberetur,

    id. Rep. 1, 7:

    quae (res) prima impulit etiam, ut suspiceremus in caelum nec frustra siderum motus intueremur,

    id. ib. 3, 2; 4, 3; id. Tusc. 1, 10, 21; id. Fin. 2, 12, 36; v. Madv. ad h. l. p. 210: non igitur frustra Plato civili viro, quem politikon vocant, necessariam musicen credidit, Quint. 1, 10, 15; 10, 1, 56:

    ut multi, nec frustra, opinantur,

    Suet. Oth. 9:

    ne quid inexpertum frustra moritura relinquat,

    Verg. A. 4, 415 Forbig. ad loc.—
    2.
    Ellipt.:

    hanc quidam aposiopesin putant. Frustra. Nam, etc.,

    Quint. 9, 3, 60.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > frustra

  • 4 frutra

    frustrā ( - tră, Prud. steph. 1, 13), adv. [orig. acc. plur. neutr., afterwards abl. sing. fem. of frusterus, for frud-; v. fraus; hence].
    I.
    In deception, in error (so mostly anteclass. and in historians;

    not in Cic. and Caes.): ambo, et servus et era, frustra sunt duo, Qui me Amphitruonem rentur esse: errant probe,

    are deceived, in error, Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 19; cf. id. Bacch. 4, 7, 42:

    nunc, mulier, nei frustra sies, mea non es: ne arbitrere,

    id. Merc. 3, 1, 30:

    quo mihi acrius annitendum est, ut neque vos capiamini, et illi frustra sint,

    Sall. J. 85, 6:

    frustra esse,

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 74: hilarus est;

    frustrast homo,

    id. Most. 3, 1, 40 Lorenz:

    ne frustra sis,

    id. Men. 4, 3, 18 sq.; id. Mil. 5, 29 al.; cf. in the foll. II. A.—With animi:

    erras, Aemiliane, et longe hujus animi frustra es,

    App. Mag. p. 286.—Frustra habere aliquem, to deceive, cheat one (= eludere):

    Corbulo quaesito diu proelio frustra habitus,

    Tac. A. 13, 37; 51:

    si Persae frustra habitae redissent ad sua,

    Amm. 18, 6, 6: servom ac dominum, Plaut. Am. argument. 5.— [p. 786]
    II.
    Transf., according as particular respect is had to the effect, the aim, or the reason of an action, without effect, to no purpose, without cause, uselessly, in vain, for nothing (freq. and class.; the predom. signif. in prose and poetry; cf.: in cassum, nequiquam).
    A.
    Without effect, in vain:

    alii parasiti frustra obambulabant in foro, i. e. they got no dinner,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 31:

    praesagibat mihi animus, frustra me ire, quom exibam domo,

    id. Aul. 2, 2, 1: nemo dabit;

    frustra egomet mecum has rationes puto,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 53:

    frustra operam opinor sumo,

    id. Heaut. 4, 3, 15:

    neque ipse auxilium suum saepe a viris bonis frustra implorari patietur,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144:

    haec si verbis explicare conemur, frustra suscipiatur labor,

    id. Univ. 10:

    fortissima frustra pectora,

    Verg. A. 1, 348; 5, 389:

    multum frustraque rogatus,

    Luc. 4, 735:

    peritura frustra agmina,

    id. 7, 736; Ov. M. 8, 140:

    frustra telum mittere,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 4, 2; cf. id. ib. 3, 25, 1:

    frustra tantum laborem sumere,

    id. ib. 3, 14, 1:

    cujus neque consilium neque inceptum ullum frustra erat,

    Sall. J. 7, 6 Kritz.; ib. 14, 11 Dietsch; 61, 1; 71, 5; 73 fin. al.; cf.:

    ita frustra id inceptum Volscis fuit,

    Liv. 2, 25, 2:

    neque frustrabor ultra cives meos, neque ipse frustra dictator ero,

    id. 2, 31, 10; Quint. 10, 1, 2:

    frustra cruento Marte carebimus, frustra metuemus Austrum: Visendus ater Cocytus, etc.,

    Hor. C. 2, 14, 13 and 15:

    nam frustra vitium vitaveris illud, si te alio pravum detorseris,

    id. S. 2, 2, 54:

    tam frustra (expressere) quam recusaverat (= aeque frustra fuit et sine eventu),

    likewise without effect, Tac. H. 2, 90 fin. (see the passage in conn.).—With nequiquam, Cat. 77, 1; App. M. 8, p. 208, 40.—With sic: ego astabo hic tantisper cum hac forma et factis sic frustra; cf. Gr. houtôs allôs, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 30.—In a pun with frustra esse (v. supra, I.) and frustrari: qui lepide postulat alterum frustrari, quom frustra'st, frustra illum dicit frustra esse. Nam qui se frustrari quem frustra sentit, Qui frustratur, frustra'st, si ille non est frustra, Enn. ap. Gell. 18, 2, 7 (Sat. 33, p. 158 sq. Vahl.).—
    2.
    Ellipt.:

    equites et auxiliarios pedites in omnes partes mittit... Nec frustra. Nam, etc.,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 5, 3; so,

    frustra: nam, etc.,

    Hor. C. 3, 7, 21; Flor. 4, 11, 9.—
    B.
    Without reason or cause, groundlessly:

    frustra ac sine causa quid facere indignum deo est,

    Cic. Div. 2, 60, 125:

    frustra tempus contero,

    id. Rosc. Com. 14, 41:

    quae disputatio ne frustra haberetur,

    id. Rep. 1, 7:

    quae (res) prima impulit etiam, ut suspiceremus in caelum nec frustra siderum motus intueremur,

    id. ib. 3, 2; 4, 3; id. Tusc. 1, 10, 21; id. Fin. 2, 12, 36; v. Madv. ad h. l. p. 210: non igitur frustra Plato civili viro, quem politikon vocant, necessariam musicen credidit, Quint. 1, 10, 15; 10, 1, 56:

    ut multi, nec frustra, opinantur,

    Suet. Oth. 9:

    ne quid inexpertum frustra moritura relinquat,

    Verg. A. 4, 415 Forbig. ad loc.—
    2.
    Ellipt.:

    hanc quidam aposiopesin putant. Frustra. Nam, etc.,

    Quint. 9, 3, 60.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > frutra

  • 5 frūstrā

        frūstrā adv.    [2 FER-], in deception, in error: Ne me in laetitiam frustra conicias, T.: uti illi frustra sint, S.: frustra habitus, disappointed, Ta. — Without effect, to no purpose, uselessly, in vain, for nothing: auxilium suum implorari: o frustra meritorum oblite meorum, O.: tantum laborem sumere, Cs.: id inceptum Volscis fuit, L.: legati discessere, disappointed, S.: cruento Marte carebimus, H.: fortissima Pectora, V.: Expers belli, O.: Frustra, nam, etc., H.— Without reason, causelessly, groundlessly: te non frustra scribere solere: disputatio ne frustra haberetur: conterrita, Ta.
    * * *
    in vain; for nothing, to no purpose

    Latin-English dictionary > frūstrā

  • 6 fidēs

        fidēs gen. (rare), usu. fidē (H., O.), once fidēī (Enn. ap. C.), once fidei (disyl., T.); dat. fidē, S., H., fidei (disyl., T.), f    [1 FID-], trust, faith, confidence, reliance, credence, belief: si visis fides non est habenda: alcui summam omnium rerum fidem habere, Cs.: habebunt verba fidem, si, etc., find acceptance, H.: testimonio fidem tribuere: ubi prima fides pelago, as soon as they can trust, V.: orationi adfert fidem: fidem facit oratio, commands belief: aliquamdiu fides fieri non poterat, Cs.: vati Si qua fides, may be believed, V.: omnibus abrogatur fides: imminuit orationis fidem: Multa fidem promissa levant, H.: addat fidem, give credence, Ta.: fac fidem, te nihil quaerere, etc., evince: fides mi apud hunc est, nil me istius facturum, T.—In business, credit: cum fides totā Italiā esset angustior, Cs.: fides de foro sublata erat: fidem abrogare, L.: fides deficere coepit: nisi fide staret res p., opibus non staturam, L.: quorum res fidesque in manibus sitae erant, i. e. entire resources, S.—Meton., trustworthiness, faithfulness, conscientiousness, credibility, honesty, truth, good faith: fundamentum iustitiae est fides: fide vestrā fretus: homo antiquā virtute ac fide, T.: prisca, V.: homo sine fide: hinc fides, illinc fraudatio: regni: in fide manere, Cs.: Ubii experimento fidei conlocati, because of their tried fidelity, Ta.: praestare fidem: prodere, S.: mutare, S.: de pace cum fide agere, L.: periura patris, perjured faith, H.: omnem tabularum fidem resignare, credibility: fides eius rei penes auctores erit, S.: maiora fide gessit, beyond belief, O.: segetis certa fides meae, faithfulness (in production), H.— Fulfilment, faithfulness (to a promise): Dicta fides sequitur, O.: promissa Exhibuere fidem, were fulfilled, O.: en haec promissa fides est? the fulfilment of the oracle? V.—In the legal phrase, ex bonā fide, or ex fide bonā, in good faith, with sincerity, without guile ; cf. mala fides, deception, dishonesty.—Praegn., a promise, engagement, word, assurance, confirmation: fidem hosti datam fallere: inter se fidem dare, Cs.: obligare fidem vobis, plight one's faith: fidem servare, Cs.: fides iuris iurandi cum hoste servanda: fidem suam liberare, perform his promise: fidem exsolvere, L.: fidem amittere, N.: istius fide ac potius perfidiā decepti: quantum mea fides studii mihi adferat, plighted word: contioni deinde edicto addidit fidem, confirmed, L.: fide rerum tradere, with accurate knowledge, Ta.— A promise of protection, pledge of safety, safe-conduct, assurance, guaranty, protection, guardian care: fidem ei publicam iussu senatūs dedi: si fides publica data esset, S.: privatim praeterea fidem suam interponit, S.: fide acceptā a legatis, vim abfuturam, L.: quaere in cuius fide sint: in fidem Achaeorum castella tradere, L.: in alicuius fidem ac potestatem venire, Cs.: civitas in Catonis fide locata: alqm in fidem suam recipere: iura fidemque Supplicis erubuit (Achilles), due to a suppliant, V.: deūm atque hominum fidem implorabis.— Ellipt., in exclamations: Di vostram fidem! by the protection of the gods! for heaven's sake! T.: pro deūm fidem, T.: pro deorum atque hominum fidem.—Person., Faith, Truth: Fidem violare: Cana, V.: albo rara Fides Velata panno, H.
    * * *
    I
    faith, loyalty; honesty; credit; confidence, trust, belief; good faith
    II
    chord, instrument string; constellation Lyra; stringed instrument (pl.); lyre

    Latin-English dictionary > fidēs

  • 7 fraus

        fraus fraudis （ gen plur. fraudium, C.), f    [2 FER-], a cheating, deceit, imposition, fraud: ad fraudem callidi: cum fraude fiat iniuria: fraus fidem in parvis sibi praestruit, L.: occasionem fraudis quaerunt, Cs.: per summam fraudem: Litavici fraude perspectā, Cs.: quod fraudem legi fecisset, L.: ii, quibus per fraudem fuit uti (inperiis), i. e. have obtained wrongfully, S.: sese dedere sine fraude, i. e. unconditionally, Cs.: bestiae cibum ad fraudem suam positum aspernuntur, L.: exagitabantur omnes eius fraudes, deceptions: fons fraudium.—Of persons, a cheat, deceiver, fraud, T.— A bad action, offence, crime: impia: scelus frausque: priscae vestigia fraudis, V.: nocitura Postmodo natis, H.: fraudes inexpiabiles concipere.— A self-deception, delusion, error, mistake: Inperitos in fraudem inlicis, T.: in fraudem deducere: in fraudem in re p. delabi: Fraude loci et noctis Oppressus, ignorance of, V.— Injury, detriment, damage, hurt, harm: ventosa ferat cui gloria fraudem, V.: id mihi fraudem tulit: esse alicui fraudi aut crimini, tend to his injury: ne Servilio fraudi esset, quod, etc., L.: quod sine fraude meā fiat, facio, without harm, L.: dies, ante quam sine fraude liceret ab armis discedere, S.— Person., Fraud, the god of deceit.
    * * *
    fraud; trickery, deceit; imposition, offense, crime; delusion

    Latin-English dictionary > fraus

  • 8 dolus

    dŏlus, i, m. [Sanscr. dal-bhas, deceit; Gr. dolos, cunning, delear, bait]. Orig., a device, artifice; hence, evil intent, wrongdoing with a view to the consequences (opp. culpa, negligence; cf. also: fallacia, fraus, astutia, calliditas).—In the older, and esp. the jurid. lang.: dolus malus, a standing expression for guile, fraud, deceit: doli vocabulum nunc tantum in malis utimur, apud antiquos etiam in bonis rebus utebatur. Unde adhuc dicimus Sine dolo malo, nimirum quia solebat dici et bonus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 69, 10 Müll.: in quibus ipsis (formulis) cum ex eo (sc. Aquillio) quaereretur, quid esset dolus malus? respondebat;

    cum esset aliud simulatum, aliud actum,

    Cic. Off. 3, 14, 60; cf. id. Top. 9 fin.; and id. N. D. 3, 30: Labeo sic definit: Dolum malum esse omnem calliditatem, fallaciam, machinationem ad circumveniendum, fallendum, decipiendum alterum adhibitam, Dig. 4, 3, 1; so, dolus malus, acc. to Cic. Off. 3, 15, 61; 3, 24; id. Fl. 30, 74; id. Att. 1, 1, 3:

    dolo malo instipulari,

    Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 25; in a pub. law formula in Liv. 1, 24 fin.; and 38, 11; Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 9 Don.; Dig. 4, 3 tit.: de dolo malo, and ib. 44, 4 tit.: de doli mali et metus exceptione, et saep.; opp. culpa, Cod. 5, 40, 9.—Far more freq. and class. (but rarely in Cic.),
    II.
    Without malus, guile, deceit, deception:

    haud dicam dolo,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 53:

    non dolo dicam tibi,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 79; id. Men. 2, 1, 3; ita omnes meos dolos, fallacias, Praestigias praestrinxit commoditas patris, Poëta ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 73; cf.:

    huic quia bonae artes desunt, dolis atque fallaciis contendit,

    Sall. C. 11, 2:

    aliquem ductare dolis,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 109:

    consuere,

    id. Am. 1, 1, 211:

    versare,

    Verg. A. 2, 62:

    nectere,

    Liv. 27, 28 init. et saep.:

    nam doli non doli sunt, nisi astu colas,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 30;

    so with astu,

    Suet. Tib. 65; Verg. A. 11, 704; cf.

    with astutia,

    Sall. C. 26, 2:

    per sycophantiam atque per doctos dolos,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 70; cf. ib. 113:

    per dolum atque insidias,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 13, 1;

    and with this last cf.: magis virtute quam dolo contendere, aut insidiis niti,

    id. ib. 1, 13, 6.—Prov.:

    dolo pugnandum est, dum quis par non est armis,

    Nep. Hann. 10:

    tempus atque occasionem fraudis ac doli quaerere,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 14, 1;

    so with fraus,

    Liv. 1, 53:

    consilio etiam additus dolus,

    id. 1, 11:

    per dolum ac proditionem,

    id. 2, 3:

    dolis instructus et arte Pelasgā,

    Verg. A. 2, 152 et saep.:

    subterranei = cuniculi,

    Flor. 1, 12, 9:

    volpis,

    Lucr. 3, 742; cf. id. 5, 858 and 863; Vulg. Matt. 26, 4 et saep.—
    III.
    Transf., the means or instrument of deceit:

    dolos saltu deludit, i. e. the nets,

    Ov. Hal. 25:

    subterraneis dolis peractum urbis excidium,

    Flor. 1, 12, 9.—Dolus, as a deity, Val. Fl. 2, 205:

    superavit dolum Trojanum,

    Dolon, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 142.—
    B.
    = culpa:

    dolo factum suo,

    by his own fault, Hor. S. 1, 6, 90.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > dolus

  • 9 inicio

    īnĭcĭo (less correctly injĭcĭo, v. Brambach's Hilfsb. p. 19), jēci, jectum (endojacito for inicito, Leg. XII. Tab. ap. Fest. in struere, p. 313, a, Müll.:

    injexit for injecerit,

    Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 18), 3, v. a. [in-jacio].
    A.
    Lit., to throw, cast, or put in, on, or into:

    cum mea domus ardebat ignibus injectis,

    Cic. Pis. 11, 26:

    ignem castris,

    Liv. 40, 31, 9:

    ignes tectis,

    id. 25, 39, 3:

    semen,

    Plin. 18, 18, 48, § 173:

    opus flammis,

    Quint. 6 praef. 3:

    foculo manum,

    Liv. 2, 12, 13:

    vestem flammae,

    Suet. Caes. 84; hence: inicere se, to throw or fling one ' s self anywhere:

    se in medios hostes ad perspicuam mortem,

    Cic. Dom. 24, 64: se in ignem. Ter. And. 1, 1, 113:

    sese medium in agmen,

    Verg. A. 2, 408:

    sese morti,

    id. ib. 9, 553:

    se flammae,

    Plin. 8, 40, 61, § 143.—
    B.
    To throw or put on or upon, to throw at or over any thing.— In gen.: pallium inice in me huc, Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 26:

    eique laneum pallium injecit,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83:

    togam ex integro,

    Quint. 11, 3, 156:

    bracchia collo,

    Ov. M. 3, 389; cf.:

    bracchia caelo,

    i.e. to attack, id. ib. 1, 184:

    securim alicui,

    Cic. Mur. 24, 48:

    pontem,

    Liv. 26, 6, 2:

    eo super tigna sesquipedalia iniciunt,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 10:

    taedas ad fastigia tectorum,

    Val. Fl. 2, 235:

    manicas alicui,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 1:

    catenas alicui,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 41, § 106; cf.:

    vincula alicui,

    id. Fin. 3, 22, 76; Verg. E. 6, 19:

    frenos alicui,

    Cic. Phil. 13, 9, 20:

    frena,

    Hor. C. 4, 15, 11:

    spiranti pulvinum,

    Suet. Calig. 12:

    cervicibus laqueum,

    id. Vit. 17:

    injecti umeris capilli,

    i. e. falling over her shoulders, Ov. M. 11, 770.—
    C.
    Esp.
    1.
    Inicere manum alicui, to lay one ' s hand on, to take hold of any one, in order to make him stand still, Petr. 115. —
    2.
    In a jurid. sense, to seize, take possession of, as one's property, without a previous judicial decision (which was permitted, e. g. to a master on meeting with his runaway slave;

    v. injectio): virgini venienti in forum minister decemviri manum injecit, servā suā natam appellans,

    Liv. 3, 44, 6; so Dig. 18, 7, 9 al.—So too in summoning before a judge:

    ubi quadruplator quempiam injexit (injecerit) manum,

    Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 18; id. Truc. 4, 2, 49.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to bring into, inspire, infuse, occasion, cause:

    inicere tumultum civitati,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 3, 7:

    alicui formidinem,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 28, § 68:

    spem,

    id. Att. 3, 22, 1:

    terrorem mortis,

    id. Fin. 5, 11, 31:

    religionem,

    id. Caecin. 33, 97:

    scrupulum,

    id. Clu. 28, 76:

    alicui mentem ut audeat,

    id. Mil. 31, 84:

    alicui cogitationem de triumpho,

    id. Att. 7, 3, 2:

    curam, ne,

    Liv. 27, 4, 2:

    alacritatem et studium pugnandi exercitui,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 46:

    metum alicui in pectus,

    Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 26:

    vultis hoc certamen uxoribus vestris inicere?

    to give occasion for, Liv. 34, 4, 14:

    cunctationem,

    to cause delay, id. 35, 25, 5:

    arma regnis, i. e. bellum inferre,

    Stat. Th. 1, 241:

    frustrationem,

    to produce deception, confusion, Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 15:

    alicui causam deliberandi,

    to furnish, Cic. Caecin. 2, 4:

    plaga injecta petitioni,

    given, Cic. Mur. 23, 48.—
    b.
    Of the mind, with se, to dwell upon, reflect on:

    in quam (magnitudinem regionum) se iniciens animus, etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 54.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Manus inicere (acc. to I. B.), to seize upon, take possession of, exercise power over:

    animus sacer et aeternus est, et cui non possint inici manus,

    Sen. Cons. ad Helv. 11 fin.:

    quieti ejus injeci manum,

    I have torn him away from his repose, Plin. Ep. 10, 19, 2:

    injecere manum Parcae,

    took possession of him, Verg. A. 10, 419.—
    2.
    Inicere, to throw out a hint, to mention, suggest:

    quia nuper injecit,

    Cic. Quint. 21, 68: Bruto cum saepe injecissem de homoploiai, id. Att. 16, 5, 3: cum mihi in sermone injecisset, se velle, etc., Trebon. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 16, 2:

    alicui nomen alicujus,

    id. Dom. 6, 14.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > inicio

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